Glucosamine & Chondroitin Capsules

Yesnutri Glucosamine & Chondroitin Capsules

100 Capsules

America

Adults take 1 cpasule 3 times daily or as recommended by physicians

This product is suitable for people who concerned about joints.

What is Glucosamine?

Glucosamine is an amino sugar which exists in our body in form of proteoglycan (PG). ^[1-3] Proteoglycan is found in articular cartilage and other connective tissue. ^[1-3] Its viscoelastic property keeps high amounts of water in cartilage, and makes glucosamine a key component of articular cartilage. ^[1-3]

Glucosamine commonly exists as Glucosamine Sulfate or Glucosamine Hydrochloride. ^[27] It is commercially available with Collagen, Methylsulfonylmethane (MSM), Bioflavonoids or other dietary supplements, to restore damaged joints, reduce degeneration of cartilage tissue and helps in maintaining normal joints. ^{[1-22, 24, 26]}

Normal Articular Cartilage and its functions

Cartilage provides a low-friction surface that covers the ends of the bones. ^{[2, 7-8]} It has viscoelastic properties that provide lubrication during motions, shock absorbency, and load support. ^{[2, 7-8]} Hence, normal and healthy articular cartilage enable smooth joint movement, prevents damage of bone by friction and weight, and stabilizes position of bones & joints. ^{[2, 7-8]}

Why we need Glucosamine & Collagen?

Cartilage is mainly composed of water, which decreases with age. About 85% of cartilage is water in young people, while it drops to about 70% water in older people. ^[9] With decrease of water content, the cartilage will start to get hard. That explains why joint movements usually become less smooth when aged. ^{[2, 7, 9]}

Injury or degenerative joint disease, e.g. osteoarthritis (OA), will accelerate the damage or erosion of cartilage tissue and loss of water. ^{[1-22, 24, 26]}  Eventually, cartilages will be destroyed and loss its functions. ^{[1-22, 24, 26]}

Without the protection from cartilage, the ends of the bone within joints will have bony overgrowth and often inflamed due to the body response to the damage. ^{[3, 8]}  Consequently, the joints appear larger, and the patients would have stiff and painful joints. ^{[1-5, 8-22, 24, 26]}

Deficiency of Glucosamine and Collagen:

• Osteoporosis ^[20]
• Adhesive capsulitis ^[21]
• Hip osteoarthritis ^{[1, 3-4, 7, 10, 19]}
• Sport injuries and ligament inflammation ^{[8, 10]}
• Lumbar spine dislocation ^{[ 9]}
• Degeneration of spinal column, vertebral bone and knee ^{[1-3, 6-19, 24, 26]}
• Stiff and pain of joint ^{[1-3, 6-19, 24, 26]}
• Inflammation of fingers and hand waist ^{[ 21]}
• Joint pain due to over-working ^{[7, 8]}
• Varicose veins ^[23]
• Promote blood circulation ^{[ 9]}

Significant effects observed for continued intake of 3 to 6 months or above*:

• Reduce pain, inflammation and swelling ^{[1-3, 8-19, 24, 26]}
• Enhance recovery of articular cartilage and slow down cartilage degeneration ^{[1-3, 7-19, 26]}
• Supplement for synovial fluid ^{[3, 8]}
• Strengthen the flexibility of joints ^{[1-3, 7-19, 24, 26]}
• Enhance the walking ability ^{[1-3, 7-19, 24, 26]}
• Promote wound healing ^{[20, 22]}

Formulas recommended by doctors

Glucosamine Sulfate 500mg, Collagen Hydrolysate (Porcine) 250mg

Recommended daily dose:

Please consult your family doctor.

*Duration of treatment lasts for 3-6 months (suitable for moderate-to-severe-pain patients) ^[24]

References:

1. Biggee BA, Mcalindon T. Glucosamine for osteoarthritis: Part I, review of the clinical evidence. Medicine and Health Rhode Island. 2004 Jun; 87(6): 176-179.
2. McDevitt CA. Biochemistry of articular cartilage – Nature of proteoglycans and collagen of articular cartilage and their role in ageing and in osteoarthrosis. Ann Rheum Dis. 1973 Jul;32(4):364-3
3. Glucosamine Sulfate. Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database
4. Lodish H, Berk A, Zipursky SL, et al. Section 22.3 Collagen: The Fibrous Proteins of the Matrix. Molecular Cell Biology. 4th edition. New York: H. Freeman; 2000.
5. Bailey AJ et al. Mechanisms of maturation and ageing of collagen. Mechanisms of Ageing and Development 106 (1998) 1–56.
6. Crowley DC, Lau FC, Sharma P, Evans M, Guthrie N, Bagchi M, Bagchi D, Dey DK, Raychaudhuri SP. Safety and efficacy of undenatured type II collagen in the treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee: a clinical trial. Int J Med Sci. 2009 Oct 9;6(6):312-321.
7. V Wright and D Dowson. Lubrication and cartilage. J Anat. 1976 February; 121(Pt 1): 107–118.
8. Blewis ME, Nugent-Derfus GE, Schmidt TA, Schumacher BL, Sah RL. A model of synovial fluid lubricant composition in normal and injured joints. Eur Cell Mater. 2007 Mar 6;13:26-39.
9. Antoniou J, Steffen T, Nelson F, Winterbottom N, Hollander AP, Poole RA, Aebi M, Alini M. The human lumbar intervertebral disc: evidence for changes in the biosynthesis and denaturation of the extracellular matrix with growth, maturation, ageing, and degeneration. J Clin Invest. 1996 Aug 15;98(4):996-1003.
10. Treatment of Primary and Secondary Osteoarthritis of the Knee. Rockville (MD): Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (US); 2007 Sep. (Evidence Reports/Technology Assessments, No. 157.)
11. Qiu GX, Weng XS, Zhang K, et al. [A multi-central, randomized, controlled clinical trial of glucosamine hydrochloride/sulfate in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis]. – Abstract. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2005;85:30;67-70.
12. Steven Simoens, Gert Laekeman. Pharmacotherapeutic aspects of treating knee osteoarthritis with glucosamine sulfate. Health 2010. Vol.2, No.7, 705-707 (2010).
13. Reginster JY, Deroisy R, Rovati L, Grossett C et al. Long-term effects of glucosamine sulphate on osteoarthritis progression: a randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial. The Lancet. 2001; 357: 251-256.
14. Pavelká K, Gatterová J, Olejarová M, Machacek S, Giacovelli G, Rovati LC. Glucosamine sulfate use and delay of progression of knee osteoarthritis: A 3-year, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study. Arch Intern Med 2002;162:2113-2123.
15. Herrero-Beaumont G, Ivorra JA, Branco J et al. Glucosamine sulfate in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis symptoms: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study using acetaminophen as a side comparator. Arthritis Rheum. 2007 Feb;56(2):555-567.
16. Sawitzke AD, Shi Helen, Finco MF, Clegg DO et al. Clinical efficacy and safety over two years use of glucosamine, chondroitin sulfate, their combination, celecoxib or placebo taken to treat osteoarthritis of the knee: a GAIT report. Arthritis & Rheumatism. Ann Rheum Dis. 2010 August; 69(8): 1459–1464.
17. Clegg DO, Reda DJ, Williams HJ. et al. Glucosamine, chondroitin sulfate, and the two in combination for painful knee osteoarthritis. N Engl J Med. 2006 Feb 23;354(8):795-808.
18. Wildi ML, Raynauld JP, Pelletier JP et al. Chondroitin sulphate reduces both cartilage volume loss and bone marrow lesions in knee osteoarthritis patients starting as early as 6 months after initiation of therapy: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot study using MRI. Ann Rheum Dis. 2011; 70: 982-989.
19. Jordan KM, Arden NK, Doherty M et al. (December 2003). EULAR Recommendations 2003: a evidence based approach to the management of knee osteoarthritis: Report of a Task Force of the Standing Committee for International Clinical Studies Including Therapeutic Trials (ESCISIT). Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 62 (12): 1145–1155.
20. Aam BB, Heggset EB, Norberg AL, Sørlie M, Vårum KM, Eijsink VG. Production of chitooligosaccharides and their potential applications in medicine. Mar Drugs. 2010 Apr 27;8(5):1482-1517.
21. Garcilazo C, Cavallasca JA, Musuruana JL. Shoulder manifestations of diabetes mellitus. [Abstract]. Curr Diabetes Rev. 2010 Sep;6(5):334-3
22. MacKay D, Miller AL. Nutritional support for wound healing. Altern Med Rev. 2003 Nov;8(4):359-3
23. Drubaix I, Robert L, Maraval M, Robert AM. Synthesis of glycoconjugates by human diseased veins: modulation by procyanidolic oligomers. Int J Exp Pathol. 1997 Apr;78(2):117-1
24. Efficacy of Glucosamine and Chondroitin Sulfate May Depend on Level of Osteoarthritis Pain, NIH News, National Instituted of Health, Embargoed For Release, Feb 22, 2006.
25. Middleton E Jr, Kandaswami C, Theoharides TC. The effects of plant flavonoids on mammalian cells: implications for inflammation, heart disease, and cancer. Pharmacol Rev. 2000 Dec;52(4):673-675.
26. Matsuno H, Nakamura H, Katayama K, Hayashi S, Kano S, Yudoh K, Kiso Y. Effects of an oral administration of glucosamine-chondroitin-quercetin glucoside on the synovial fluid properties in patients with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 2009 Feb;73(2):288-292.
27. USP30-NF25 for Glucosamine and Chondroitin Sulfate Sodium Tablets.